Congratulations India! India is now the world’s most populous nation

[KingKhanWC]

India may have already surpassed China to become the world’s most populous nation, the World Population Review said on January 18.

The independent census and demographics organisation estimated that India’s population stood at 1.41 billion at the end of 2022 – about five million more than China. This came just days after China announced that its population had declined for the first time in more than 60 years, leading to a demographic crisis of a shrinking workforce and increased healthcare and welfare costs. The United Nations had earlier projected India would reach the top spot around April 14.

https://scroll.in/article/1042572/in...rried-about-it

A great achievement! Modi has done a great job and so to have all Indians in making them take no.1 spot. The sky is the limit for India now. I predict within a few years India will be a first world nation, in the UNSC and be able to produce quality films on par with South Korea!

Mubarak to all Indian posters.

[Ahmad-GERMANFC]

Yes mubarak to them.

Their country is on the right direction economically. However the social fabric of the country is under threat and I’m not even saying that as a rival or anything. It’s a simmering tinderbox which could blow any moment iv attention isn’t paid

[Mirpuri Don]

To be honest India has brought the national fertility rate under replacement level so they’ll probably reach a peak of 1,5 million, around 100-150 million more compared to now but no more than that.

Fertility rates in Afghanistan and SubSaharan Africa are more critical as their economy don’t grow as fast as their human resources.

[KingKhanWC]

To be honest India has brought the national fertility rate under replacement level so they’ll probably reach a peak of 1,5 million, around 100-150 million more compared to now but no more than that.

Fertility rates in Afghanistan and SubSaharan Africa are more critical as their economy don’t grow as fast as their human resources.

I think you're being unkind to India, they are great at population increase. It is est they will reach near 1.7 billion by 2050 but imo they will hit 2 billion!

[SalimBhai]

for India, it likely to peak in 2048 at 1.7 billion population and then start declining to 1.1 billion at the end of the century. India has a family planning scheme active. So down the line they should be ok. Pakistan will double ro 440 million by 2050 and after that further more.

[Ahmad-GERMANFC]

I think you're being unkind to India, they are great at population increase. It is est they will reach near 1.7 billion by 2050 but imo they will hit 2 billion!

They have a much lower growth rate than Pakistan. But Bangladesh is the country which has done best in this regard. In 1971 their population was greater than Pakistans

[SalimBhai]

They have a much lower growth rate than Pakistan. But Bangladesh is the country which has done best in this regard. In 1971 their population was greater than Pakistans

That’s correct. Of the three countries Pakistan future looks the bleakest. We Are living on handouts, and here is this poster talking about india. No self awareness.

[KingKhanWC]

They have a much lower growth rate than Pakistan. But Bangladesh is the country which has done best in this regard. In 1971 their population was greater than Pakistans

Its difficult to have an accurate census or have an accurate number in such a large nation with many rural areas. Lets not forget the sadly very poor areas such as the slums etc.

Its not a bad thing is it? The more the merrier. The IPL rights will be even more, bigger army to take on a smaller Pakistan, more Bollywood films to watch..etc

[Mirpuri Don]

I think you're being unkind to India, they are great at population increase. It is est they will reach near 1.7 billion by 2050 but imo they will hit 2 billion!

The old projection from UN/World Bank/etc I think was a peak of 1.6 billion for 2060 but it was based on the fact that the TFR would remain constant & since then Indian govt has revised its TFR so peak of 1.5 billion for 2050 is more credible.

These projections always change because the TFR keeps getting lower, I remember some 20 years ago they said Nigeria will have 1 billion in some decades lol then revised to 800 million and now heard 500 million is the latest number (will probably change).

[KingKhanWC]

The old projection from UN/World Bank/etc I think was a peak of 1.6 billion for 2060 but it was based on the fact that the TFR would remain constant & since then Indian govt has revised its TFR so peak of 1.5 billion for 2050 is more credible.

These projections always change because the TFR keeps getting lower, I remember some 20 years ago they said Nigeria will have 1 billion in some decades lol then revised to 800 million and now heard 500 million is the latest number (will probably change).

Interesting thanks.

Do you feel this is a game change for India being the biggest populated nation and will this help them from 3rd world to 1st world shuppapower?

[Buffet]

Fertility rate Map.


.

China is declining. India will soon start declining due to rate being at replacement. Entire South Asia will start declining once Afghanistan and Pakistan are at replacement rate.

Fertility rate in South Asia.


https://data.worldbank.org/indicator...false&view=map

[SalimBhai]

Fertility rate Map.


.

China is declining. India will soon start declining due to rate being at replacement. Entire South Asia will start declining once Afghanistan and Pakistan are at replacement rate.

Fertility rate in South Asia.


https://data.worldbank.org/indicator...false&view=map

When is that for Pakistan?

[Champ_Pal]

for India, it likely to peak in 2048 at 1.7 billion population and then start declining to 1.1 billion at the end of the century. India has a family planning scheme active. So down the line they should be ok. Pakistan will double ro 440 million by 2050 and after that further more.

Subcontinent women are very fertile and the weather allows for large populations of poor to survive with relative ease as roof is not a necessity to survive in Indian weather.

[Mirpuri Don]

Interesting thanks.

Do you feel this is a game change for India being the biggest populated nation and will this help them from 3rd world to 1st world shuppapower?

Nope I read some economic analyst 1-2 year back in Times of India say that "India will get old before it gets rich", basically that despite current economic growth it’s still not enough to take advantage of the "population dividend" like China did when Deng Xiaoping turned the country into the world’s manufacturing base.

Whereas not only India will not profit from its youth population but in the next decades will have an aging population to take care of, all of that having different regional dynamics (West Bengal and South India are pretty much on European level of demographic decay so will have to rely on Bihari labor like Punjab does now, itself creating anti-immigrant sentiment and stuff.

In fact if not for partition they’d have millions of Pathans and Punjabi Muslims instead rushing into Bangalore, etc as labor force which would have created even more problems.

[Buffet]

When is that for Pakistan?

With a decline of around 1.8% each year observed trend recently, it will be at replacement rate in 2060s. Assuming 1.8% decline in rate continues with some flattening as usual towards the end , 3.6 should drop to near 2.1 by then.

Taking some margin of safety in prediction, I would say 2055-2070 should be the normal range unless something drastic happens to either delay it or bring it forward. Sounds like a long time later, but 3-4 decades are not that long in human history.

[IamIndian]

I think you're being unkind to India, they are great at population increase. It is est they will reach near 1.7 billion by 2050 but imo they will hit 2 billion!

The current population of INDIA in 2023 is 1,428,627,663, a 0.81% increase from 2022 while Pakistan in 2023 is 240,485,658, a 1.98% increase from 2022.

[Nikhil_cric]

Should you really be making such sarcastic threads when Pakistan's economy is in ruins and with PAK population growth expected to continue for the rest of the century?

[Ahmad-GERMANFC]

Should you really be making such sarcastic threads when Pakistan's economy is in ruins and with PAK population growth expected to continue for the rest of the century?

The thread is stupid but so is your logic… by your own logic you have no right to an opinion on most countries in the world considering india is behind on many metrics.

[Nikhil_cric]

The thread is stupid but so is your logic… by your own logic you have no right to an opinion on most countries in the world considering india is behind on many metrics.

Opinions are alright. Constructive criticism is welcome. Such levels of sarcasm look stupid in the current climate. India may be behind on a lot of metrics but only somebody completely biased or delusional would even think there is a comparison between India and Pakistan at this point. Not the time to make such sarcastic threads

[Ahmad-GERMANFC]

Opinions are alright. Constructive criticism is welcome. Such levels of sarcasm look stupid in the current climate. India may be behind on a lot of metrics but only somebody completely biased or delusional would even think there is a comparison between India and Pakistan at this point. Not the time to make such sarcastic threads

But where’s the comparison. If you think the nationality of the thread creator is relevant then you don’t really understand how opinions work.

[Major]

Should you really be making such sarcastic threads when Pakistan's economy is in ruins and with PAK population growth expected to continue for the rest of the century?

Ditto.

The foreign exchange reserves of both countries gives you a picture how bad things are in Pakistan and we need to calm down with these sarcastic point scoring..

Maybe limit it to just cricket for now

[saeedhk]

India can manage its population better as there is much awareness regarding birth control and family planning. However, the future is bleak for Pakistan as the country has a fertility rate of 3.6 - the highest in Asia and amongst Muslim countries excluding Afghanistan. We have the fastest growing population in Asia with around 14 babies being born every minute or one every four seconds. This is a disaster!

Having been to Pakistan recently, people do not care about their means and keep on having babies because Allah would provide. Every morning, parents kick their kids out of the house and onto the alleyways and streets, where they play barefooted in rubbish and eat dust and sand. There is zero care for children and kids are treated much like cattle.

In 2019, when Khan held a seminar on population control, the whole country was up in arms, claiming that it was a conspiracy to reduce Muslim population which led Khan’s government to drop all population control initiatives.

Also, clerics are also a part of the problem. Mullah Tariq Masood, a well-known scholar, tells his audience regularly that they should marry four women and have at least 16 kids irregardless of their financial status as Allah would provide. He himself has 18 kids!

Population is the biggest problem for Pakistan and all other problems stem from it.

[Bhaijaan]

From a marketing and brand building point of view, India can now finally lay claim to being the biggest country in the world by number of people. That’s a political clout of a different level in geopolitical context.

and that’s going to be the only positive about this.

[Mirpuri Don]

With a decline of around 1.8% each year observed trend recently, it will be at replacement rate in 2060s. Assuming 1.8% decline in rate continues with some flattening as usual towards the end , 3.6 should drop to near 2.1 by then.

Taking some margin of safety in prediction, I would say 2055-2070 should be the normal range unless something drastic happens to either delay it or bring it forward. Sounds like a long time later, but 3-4 decades are not that long in human history.

There have been tons of "delays" already, you can see it with the last Pak 2017 census itself, international organizations and even govt predictions were literally 10-20 million off from the official/measured figures released later (they were at 210-220 million and we ended up with 240 million or so).

It's because the TFR didn't drop as expected.

[DeadlyVenom]

India can manage its population better as there is much awareness regarding birth control and family planning. However, the future is bleak for Pakistan as the country has a fertility rate of 3.6 - the highest in Asia and amongst Muslim countries excluding Afghanistan. We have the fastest growing population in Asia with around 14 babies being born every minute or one every four seconds. This is a disaster!

Having been to Pakistan recently, people do not care about their means and keep on having babies because Allah would provide. Every morning, parents kick their kids out of the house and onto the alleyways and streets, where they play barefooted in rubbish and eat dust and sand. There is zero care for children and kids are treated much like cattle.

In 2019, when Khan held a seminar on population control, the whole country was up in arms, claiming that it was a conspiracy to reduce Muslim population which led Khan’s government to drop all population control initiatives.

Also, clerics are also a part of the problem. Mullah Tariq Masood, a well-known scholar, tells his audience regularly that they should marry four women and have at least 16 kids irregardless of their financial status as Allah would provide. He himself has 18 kids!

Population is the biggest problem for Pakistan and all other problems stem from it.

This should be time pass POTW

[Cpt. Rishwat]

Opinions are alright. Constructive criticism is welcome. Such levels of sarcasm look stupid in the current climate. India may be behind on a lot of metrics but only somebody completely biased or delusional would even think there is a comparison between India and Pakistan at this point. Not the time to make such sarcastic threads

Why not? Is Pakistan going to somehow benefit from Indian largesse if the poster is more complimentary about India? Pakistan has nothing to gain from India so not really sure what your point is.

[Champ_Pal]

India can manage its population better as there is much awareness regarding birth control and family planning. However, the future is bleak for Pakistan as the country has a fertility rate of 3.6 - the highest in Asia and amongst Muslim countries excluding Afghanistan. We have the fastest growing population in Asia with around 14 babies being born every minute or one every four seconds. This is a disaster!

Having been to Pakistan recently, people do not care about their means and keep on having babies because Allah would provide. Every morning, parents kick their kids out of the house and onto the alleyways and streets, where they play barefooted in rubbish and eat dust and sand. There is zero care for children and kids are treated much like cattle.

In 2019, when Khan held a seminar on population control, the whole country was up in arms, claiming that it was a conspiracy to reduce Muslim population which led Khan’s government to drop all population control initiatives.

Also, clerics are also a part of the problem. Mullah Tariq Masood, a well-known scholar, tells his audience regularly that they should marry four women and have at least 16 kids irregardless of their financial status as Allah would provide. He himself has 18 kids!

Population is the biggest problem for Pakistan and all other problems stem from it.

It is hard enough to spend time with 2 kids and take care of all of their needs. I cannot imagine someone with 18 kids and 4 wives. A recipe for deadbeat dad.

[NishanKonar]

India is fast moving into a one-child-policy society. You rarely see upper or middle class family with more than 1 child. Even lower classes are now increasingly opting for 1 child

Population is not something India needs to worry about. The excessive growth of the 70s and 80s is mostly over. So don't expect India's population to grow beyond 1.5 billion at any point

[Champ_Pal]

India is fast moving into a one-child-policy society. You rarely see upper or middle class family with more than 1 child. Even lower classes are now increasingly opting for 1 child

Population is not something India needs to worry about. The excessive growth of the 70s and 80s is mostly over. So don't expect India's population to grow beyond 1.5 billion at any point

Excessive Growth happened by 50's and 60's. Families with 8 to 10 kids was quite normal back then. The parents of those generation were the worst. They were directly the reason for India's many troubles.

[NishanKonar]

Excessive Growth happened by 50's and 60's. Families with 8 to 10 kids was quite normal back then. The parents of those generation were the worst. They were directly the reason for India's many troubles.

Don't blame the parents. There was little awareness about birth control in those days

Birth control became popular in the 90s due to tv and radio ads and that why current generation don't have more than 1-2 kids

[NishanKonar]

On a different note Bangladesh is definitely the best. They went from 5 kids per woman in the 70s to just 2 in 2022

Big reason why their economy has taken off in recent years

[Bhaag Viru Bhaag]

Opinions are alright. Constructive criticism is welcome. Such levels of sarcasm look stupid in the current climate. India may be behind on a lot of metrics but only somebody completely biased or delusional would even think there is a comparison between India and Pakistan at this point. Not the time to make such sarcastic threads

Yeah there is no comparison between India and Pakistan especially when it comes to population. We should compare ourselves with China instead but that is also not acceptable to some of my fellow intolerant indians who are not open to any kind of criticism ever. You tried to bring Pakistan into discussion just because OP is a Pakistani and created a thread on Indian population lol. This is a big problem. Create a thread on Pakistan's population and growth if you have nothing else to add to the topic.

[Champ_Pal]

Don't blame the parents. There was little awareness about birth control in those days

Birth control became popular in the 90s due to tv and radio ads and that why current generation don't have more than 1-2 kids

Those are excuses. Most of those generation parents were either broke or too poor to afford even 2 kids. But they still had 10 kids each. Sheer stupidity on their part and that has set the country back at all levels for decades to come. The neglect of kids they did would be considered a crime in most civilized countries.

[DeadlyVenom]

India is fast moving into a one-child-policy society. You rarely see upper or middle class family with more than 1 child. Even lower classes are now increasingly opting for 1 child

Population is not something India needs to worry about. The excessive growth of the 70s and 80s is mostly over. So don't expect India's population to grow beyond 1.5 billion at any point

Rising educational levels and econonic stability help to lower the birth rate.

There is an interesting movie called idiocracy that explores this theme ( not the best movie but worth a watch).

In the film the rich and educated start having less kids while the lower IQ population is churning out children to the extent that the whole world is over run with idiots.

This is the problem that could face Pakistan in the future and Im glad India has brouhht it under control.

[Nikhil_cric]

Yeah there is no comparison between India and Pakistan especially when it comes to population. We should compare ourselves with China instead but that is also not acceptable to some of my fellow intolerant indians who are not open to any kind of criticism ever. You tried to bring Pakistan into discussion just because OP is a Pakistani and created a thread on Indian population lol. This is a big problem. Create a thread on Pakistan's population and growth if you have nothing else to add to the topic.

I'll add my opinions wherever I think I need to. Feel free to start your own thread comparing India and China if you wish. Although I suspect you will have even less to add there compared to the cricket forum .

[NishanKonar]

Rising educational levels and econonic stability help to lower the birth rate.

There is an interesting movie called idiocracy that explores this theme ( not the best movie but worth a watch).

In the film the rich and educated start having less kids while the lower IQ population is churning out children to the extent that the whole world is over run with idiots.

This is the problem that could face Pakistan in the future and Im glad India has brouhht it under control.

Elites did not become elites from the beginning. Most of them had humble beginnings

If the lower classes get better access to education and healthcare - their IQ will also increase in future. My grandfather was a farmer, my father was school dropout and I studied in one of India's most elite colleges ! Its nothing to do with ur DNA and family background

So the solution is to set up better schools and colleges for the lower classes and help them rise up the ladder

[Buffet]

There have been tons of "delays" already, you can see it with the last Pak 2017 census itself, international organizations and even govt predictions were literally 10-20 million off from the official/measured figures released later (they were at 210-220 million and we ended up with 240 million or so).

It's because the TFR didn't drop as expected.

Yah, I was trying to answer by trying to make some calculated projections based on trend. You are absolutely right about timeline may end up being a lot different than what I said.

[Bhaag Viru Bhaag]

I'll add my opinions wherever I think I need to. Feel free to start your own thread comparing India and China if you wish. Although I suspect you will have even less to add there compared to the cricket forum .

You added nothing to this thread other than whinning. And this is the same thing you do in cricket forum as well.

[Bhaag Viru Bhaag]

India can manage its population better as there is much awareness regarding birth control and family planning. However, the future is bleak for Pakistan as the country has a fertility rate of 3.6 - the highest in Asia and amongst Muslim countries excluding Afghanistan. We have the fastest growing population in Asia with around 14 babies being born every minute or one every four seconds. This is a disaster!

Having been to Pakistan recently, people do not care about their means and keep on having babies because Allah would provide. Every morning, parents kick their kids out of the house and onto the alleyways and streets, where they play barefooted in rubbish and eat dust and sand. There is zero care for children and kids are treated much like cattle.

In 2019, when Khan held a seminar on population control, the whole country was up in arms, claiming that it was a conspiracy to reduce Muslim population which led Khan’s government to drop all population control initiatives.

Also, clerics are also a part of the problem. Mullah Tariq Masood, a well-known scholar, tells his audience regularly that they should marry four women and have at least 16 kids irregardless of their financial status as Allah would provide. He himself has 18 kids!

Population is the biggest problem for Pakistan and all other problems stem from it.

Who told you that India can manage it's population? Which news channels do you follow or watch? Take it from someone who lives in India, all these awareness programs regarding birth control and family planning are 'kagazi jumley'.

[Champ_Pal]

Who told you that India can manage it's population? Which news channels do you follow or watch? Take it from someone who lives in India, all these awareness programs regarding birth control and family planning are 'kagazi jumley'.

People themselves are getting aware of small families. They do not want their children to suffer like them from malnutrition and illiteracy.

[JaDed]

Since 2005 the fertility has been going down, it would had been even better if we had AFSPA or Presidential rule in UP/Bihar!

We are already below world average if im not wrong.

[Buffet]

Since 2005 the fertility has been going down, it would had been even better if we had AFSPA or Presidential rule in UP/Bihar!

We are already below world average if im not wrong.

World - 2.3
Population replacement - 2.1
India - 2.05

[wasim-fan]

World - 2.3
Population replacement - 2.1
India - 2.05

That’s not a good number for India. Population may go down faster than one imagined.

[90MPH]

Pakistan’s population explosion in the last few decades has been an absolute disaster. The country simply doesn’t have the resources to deal with it.

Past and present governments have done zilch to address the issue. Just sensible basic education to our illiterate population could have prevented this getting out of control.

I wouldn’t worry about India’s population growth (though it is no doubt an issue for them) when Pakistan is heading for total catastrophe on this subject.

[Stewie]

All the men should get vasectomies and women some sort of birth control in China, india, Pakistan, bangladesh. And in 30 years there will be peace in the world. Haha

[Nikhil_cric]

Since 2005 the fertility has been going down, it would had been even better if we had AFSPA or Presidential rule in UP/Bihar!

We are already below world average if im not wrong.

Population growth rate has been declining consistently for the last 4 decades even with UP and Bihar. In fact, by the end of the century India's population will be down to 1.1 billion after peaking at 1.6 according to latest estimates.

[KingKhanWC]

The current population of INDIA in 2023 is 1,428,627,663, a 0.81% increase from 2022 while Pakistan in 2023 is 240,485,658, a 1.98% increase from 2022.

I thought Indians would be proud of this world record?

India still 6 x larger in population. % dont matter much when you have such huge numbers.

But please explain why the worry ? Surely its a good thing to have such a large population. China had and now has become an economic and military superpower.

[Mirpuri Don]

Population growth rate has been declining consistently for the last 4 decades even with UP and Bihar. In fact, by the end of the century India's population will be down to 1.1 billion after peaking at 1.6 according to latest estimates.

Don't know why people talk of UP/Bihar as if they were on Afghanistan or SubSaharan Africa levels.

As of 2022, UP fertility is 2.4 and Bihar is 3.1

I think if you take out Muslim fertility it would go under 3 even for Bihar and perhaps UP's will barely be replacement level (2.1).

These are "manageable" numbers.

[Dios]

The OP making snide remarks about India's population when the average Pakistani woman is sitting at home and pumping out 4 children over her lifetime is pretty ironic.

[Iqbal'sh]

Population growth rate has been declining consistently for the last 4 decades even with UP and Bihar. In fact, by the end of the century India's population will be down to 1.1 billion after peaking at 1.6 according to latest estimates.

How much if that is to do with the gender imbalance within the country?
At it’s peak the ratio was 113 males per 100 female births.
In the longer term this is going to have major repercussions for the country

[KingKhanWC]

The OP making snide remarks about India's population when the average Pakistani woman is sitting at home and pumping out 4 children over her lifetime is pretty ironic.

I dont live in Pakistan and Im not sure why you are monitoring what Pakistani women are doing at home.

Please use respectful language towards women who are having a baby, remember where you came from.

As I wrote China was the most populas, they became economic and military superpower, will your beloved India too? This is the question of the thread.

[IamIndian]

I dont live in Pakistan and Im not sure why you are monitoring what Pakistani women are doing at home.

Please use respectful language towards women who are having a baby, remember where you came from.

As I wrote China was the most populas, they became economic and military superpower, will your beloved India too? This is the question of the thread.

How Britain stole $45 trillion from India

Drawing on nearly two centuries of detailed data on tax and trade, Patnaik calculated that Britain drained a total of nearly $45 trillion from India during the period 1765 to 1938.

It’s a staggering sum. For perspective, $45 trillion is 17 times more than the total annual gross domestic product of the United Kingdom today.


https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2...ion-from-india

Economic history of India

India was the one of the largest economies in the world, for about two and a half millennia starting around the end of 1st millennium BC and ending around the beginning of British rule in India.


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_history_of_India

Fortunately, China is one of the few countries in the world which was never colonized by outsiders.

[Champ_Pal]

More than 16 lakh Indians give up citizenship since 2011: Govt

https://www.rediff.com/news/report/m...t/20230209.htm

1.6 Million people giving up citizenship is huge for any country. For India, its just a drop in the ocean.

[sweep_shot]

With China's one child policy in place, it felt like a matter of time.

Not surprised at India achieving this.

[Dios]

When developing countries go below the replacement level their populations should go down faster in comparison to developed countries because of the effects of immigration. Developed countries usually experience net inflows from immigration whereas developing countries see net outflows therefore developed countries have a bit more leeway on that 2.1 number when it comes to replacement level. I think in general the world is not prepared for the effects of population decline and the effects it will have on society.

[daytrader]

Free college and IVF help: China hunts for ways to raise its birthrate
High costs and career impacts remain barriers to having children for many women despite Beijing’s efforts to lift its record-low birthrate

At China’s annual parliamentary meeting this week, proposals to boost China’s falling birthrate have come thick and fast. On Wednesday, the All China Women’s Federation, a state-backed organisation, called for a national publicity campaign to “advocate a positive concept of marriage and childbearing”, through film and television. Other delegates to China’s parliament have called for tax breaks for companies that employ more mothers, opening up maternity insurance to college students, free college education for families who have a third child born after 2024 and allowing unmarried women to access fertility services.

Last year China’s birthrate fell to 6.77 per 1,000 people, the lowest on record. In 2022 the population shrank by 850,000, the first decline since 1961, a year of famine.

Some areas have already started rolling out pro-fertility policies. In February, Sichuan, a province of more than 80 million people, removed all restrictions on birth registrations, abandoning rules that had previously meant that only married couples could register newborns. Some provinces offer newlyweds paid leave in a bid to encourage marriage and boost the birthrate. In Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang province on the east coast, one health insurance scheme is offering couples 3,000 yuan (£364) reimbursements for IVF treatments.

...
https://www.theguardian.com/world/20...-its-birthrate